Autoconcepto y estilos de socialización parental según grupos socioeconómicos en adolescentes chilenos

Abstract

Introduction: Self-concept corresponds to different perceptions about oneself and in adolescence is fundamental for the achievement of identity. This self-perception can be related to different factors; to parenting through parental socialization styles and socioeconomic levels of family belonging. The purpose of the study was to relate self-concept in five dimensions (academic, social, emotional, family, and physical) with parental socialization styles (authoritarian, democratic, negligent and indulgent) according to socioeconomic level. Method: A non-experimental design of comparative/correlational cross-sectional scope was used with an intentional non-probabilistic sample, involving 867 adolescents between 11 and 18 years old (M = 14.11 and SD = 1.80), of which 444 (51 %) were men from nine educational centers of different cities in Chile, who answered the questionnaire of Autoconcepto AF5 and the Scale of Parental Socialization in Adolescence (ESPA29), in addition to sociodemographic questions. Results: The family dimension of the self-concept presented the highest score, followed by the social, physical, academic and emotional. Males have higher scores in self-concept with the exception of the academic dimension. Differences were found in the five dimensions of self-concept according to parental socialization styles (authoritarian, democratic, negligent, and indulgent) and socioeconomic groups of belonging (low, medium low, medium, and medium high). Conclusion: Evidence is provided in the relationship between self-concept, parental socialization styles and socioeconomic groups to which the family belongs.