Brief Version of the Revised-Abbreviated Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in a Spanish Young Adult Population

  1. Joel Juarros Basterretxea 1
  2. Luis Rodríguez Franco 2
  3. Juan Herrero 3
  4. Francisco Javier Rodríguez Díaz 3
  1. 1 Universidad de Zaragoza
    info

    Universidad de Zaragoza

    Zaragoza, España

    ROR https://ror.org/012a91z28

  2. 2 Universidad de Sevilla
    info

    Universidad de Sevilla

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03yxnpp24

  3. 3 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Revista:
International Journal of Psychological Research

ISSN: 2011-7922 2011-2084

Año de publicación: 2024

Volumen: 17

Número: 1

Páginas: 7-19

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.21500/20112084.6058 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: International Journal of Psychological Research

Resumen

Eysenck’s PEN model is one of the most relevant and fruitful models with empirical support, and continues eliciting a large research corpus. Nevertheless, the systematic limitations regarding the psychoticism dimension and questionable inclusion of social desirability as a personality dimension have limited the model. The current research aimed to estimate an alternative PEN model including social desirability as a control and test its validity and reliability. This sample consists of 2969 Spanish young adults. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test the fitting of four different models to the data. Once the best-fitting model was obtained, multiple-group analyses were carried out to assess the configural, metric, and scalar invariance of the model across sexes. The results showed that the three-dimension PEN model and two-dimension EN model controlling social desirability best fit the data and were invariant across sexes. Despite the apparent appropriateness of both models, the EN model controlling for social desirability is more appropriate due to the weakness of the P dimension.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Alcázar-Córcoles, M. A., Verdejo-García, A., Bouso-Sáiz, J. C., Revuelta-Menéndez, J., & Ramírez-Lira, E. (2017). Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de personalidad EPQ-A en una muestra de adolescentes hispanohablantes. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, (27), 51-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apj.2017.02.002
  • Alexopoulos, D. S., & Kalaitzidis, I. (2004). Psychometric properties of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) Short scale in Greece. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1205 – 1220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.12.005
  • Almiro, P. A., & Ferreira, I. S. (2020). Estudo de validação da versão portuguesa do Questionário de Personalidade de Eysenck – Forma Revisada (EPQ-R) em contexto industrial. Revista E-Psi, 9(3), 116-132.
  • Almiro, P. A., Moura, O. & Simões, M. R. (2016). Psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised (EPQ-R). Personality and Individual Differences, 88, 88-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.050
  • Bouvard, M., Aulard-Jaccod, J., Pessonneaux, S., Hautekeetec, M., & Rogé, B. (2010). Étude du questionnaire de personnalité d’Eysenck réviséet abrégé (EPQR-A) dans une population d’étudiants. L’Encéphale, 36, 510-512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2010.02.006
  • Bowden, S. C., Saklofske, D. H., van de Vijver, F. J. R., Sudarshan, N. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (2018). Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Eysenck personality Questionnaire across 33 countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 103, 53 – 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.028
  • Colledani, D., Anselmi, P., & Robusto, E. (2018). Using item response theory for the development of a new short form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1834. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01834
  • Colledani, D., Anselmi, P., & Robusto, E. (2019). Development of a new abbreviated form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised with multidimensional item response theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 149, 108 – 117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.044
  • Cruise, S. M., Lewis, C. A., & Guckin, C. M. (2007). Revisiting Eysenck’s personality dimensions and gender orientation. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 28(3), 159-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03033910.2007.10446258
  • Dong, Y., & Dumas, D. (2020). Are personality measures valid for different populations? A systematic review of measurement invariance across cultures, gender, and age. Personality and Individual Differences, 160, 109956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109956
  • Dueber, D. M. (2017). Bifactor Indices Calculator: A Microsoft Excel-based tool to calculate various indices relevant to bifactor CFA models. https://dx.doi.org/10.13023/edp.tool.01 [Available at http://sites.education.uky.edu/apslab/resources/]
  • Elosua, P., & Zumbo, B. D. (2008). Reliability coefficients for categorical response scales. Psicothema, 20, 896-901.
  • Eysenck, H. J., (1952). The scientific study of personality. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Eysenck, H. J. (1958). A short questionnaire for the measurement of two dimensions of personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 42, 14-17.
  • Eysenck, H. J. (1959). Manual of the Maudsley Personality lnventory. London: University of London Press.
  • Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1964). Manual of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. London: University of London Press
  • Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1975). Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (adult and junior). London: Hodder & Stoughton.
  • Eysenck, H.J., & Eysenck, S.B.G. (1991). Eysenck Personality Scales (EPS Adult). London: Hodder & Stoughton
  • Eysenck, S. B. G., Eysenck, H. J., & Barrett, P. (1985). A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 6, 21-29.
  • Eysenck, S., & Barrett, P. (2013). Re-introduction to cross-cultural studies of the EPQ. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 485-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.09.022
  • Francis, L.J., Lewis, C.A., & Ziebertz, H.G. (2006). The Short-Form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-S): A German edition. Social Behavior and Personality. An International Journal 34, 197-204. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.197
  • Francis, L.J., Brown, L.B., & Philipchalk, R. (1992). The development of an abbreviated form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A): Its use among students in England, Canada, the USA and Australia. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 443-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(92)90073-X
  • Forrest, S., Lewis, C. A., & Shevlin, M. (2000). Examining the factor structure and differential functioning of the Eysenck personality questionnaire revised-abbreviated. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 579-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00220-2
  • Gadermann, A. M., Guhn, M., & Zumbo, B. D. (2012). Estimating ordinal reliability for Likert-type and ordinal data: A conceptual, empirical, and practical guide. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 17(3), Available online: http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=17&n=3
  • García-González, J. M., Fernández-Muñoz, J. J., Vergara-Moragues, E., & García-Moreno, L. M. (2021). Eysenck personality questionnaire revised-abbreviated: Invariance gender in Spanish university students. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 19(1), 205-222.
  • Gosling, S.D., Rentfrow, P.G., & Swann, W.B. Jr. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality 37, 504–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00046-1
  • Hu, L., Bentler, P.M., 1999. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55.
  • Ibáñez, M. I., Ortet, G., Moro, M., Ávila, C., & Parcet, M. A. (1999). Versión reducida del cuestionario revisado de personalidad de Eysenck (EPQ-RA) [Reduced version of revised
  • Eysenck Personality Questonnaire (EPQ-RA)]. Análisis y Modificación de Conducta, 25, 849-863
  • Karanci, A.N., Dirik, G., & Yorulmaz, O. (2007). Reliability and validity studies of Turkish translation of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Abbreviated. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 18, 254-61.
  • Kneževic, G., Lazarević, Purić, D., Bosnjak, M., Teovanovic, P., Petrović, B., Opačic, G. (2019). Does Eysenck’s personality model capture psychosis-proneness? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 143, 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.009
  • Lajunen, T. (2018). Sex-free and sex-related components of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) neuroticism scale among Finnish and Turkish students. Social Sciences 7(3), 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7030038
  • Lewis, C. A., Francis, L., J., Shevlin, M., & Forrest, S. (2002). Confirmatory factor analysis of the French translation of the abbreviated form of the revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A). European Journal of Psychological Assessment 18(2), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.18.2.179
  • Maragakis, A. (2020). Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised. In B. J. Caducci and C. S. Nave (Eds.) The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences: Measurement and Assessment, vol. II. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118970843.ch119
  • McLarnon, M. J., & Romero, E. F. (2020). Cross-cultural equivalence of shortened versions of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire: An application of the alignment method. Personality and Individual Differences, 163, 110074.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110074
  • Merino, C. (2013). Análisis factorial de grupo múltiple de una versión muy breve del cuestionario revisado de personalidad de Eysenck (EPQR-BV). International Journal of Psychological Research, 6(2), 79-88.
  • Muñiz, J., García-Cueto, E., & Lozano, L. M. (2005). Item forma and the psychometric properties of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.03.021
  • Navrátil, M., McGuckin, C., Lewis, C. A., Shevlin, M., & Francis, L. J. (2003). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Czech translation of Abbreviated Form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A) among Czech students. Ceskoslovenska Psychologie, 47, 451-459.
  • Picconi, L., Jackson, C. J., Balsamo, M., Tommasi, M., & Saggino, A. (2018). Factor structure and measurement invariance across groups of the Italian Eysenck personality questionnaire - short form (EPP-S). Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 76-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.11.013.
  • Rutkowski, L., & Svetina, D. (2017). Measurement invariance in international surveys: Categorical indicators & fit measure performance. Applied Measurement in Education, 30(1), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/08957347.2016.1243540
  • Sandín, B., Valiente, R.M., Chorot, R, Olmedo, M., & Santed, M.A. (2002a). Versión española del EPQR-A (I): Análisis exploratorio de la estructura factorial. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 7, 195-205.
  • Sandín, B., Valiente, R.M., Chorot, R, Olmedo, M., & Santed, M.A. (2002b). Versión española del cuestionario EPQR-abreviado (EPQR-A) (II): replicación factorial, fiabilidad y validez- Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 7, 207-216.
  • Sato, T. (2005). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Brief Version: Factor structure and reliability. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 139(6), 545-552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.139.6.545-552
  • Shevlin, M., Bailey, F., & Adamson, G. (2002). Examining the factor structure and sources of differential functioning of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised – Abbreviated. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 479-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00049-6
  • Svetina, D., Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2019). Multiple-group invariance with categorical outcomes using updated guidelines: An illustration using Mplus and the lavaan/semTools Packages. Structural Equation Modeling: Multidisciplinary Journal, 0, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2019.1602776
  • Tiwari, T., Singh, A. L., & Singh, I. L. (2009). The short-form revised Eysenck personality questionnaire: A Hindi edition (EPQRS-H). Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 18(1), 27 – 31. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.57854
  • van Hemert, D. A., van de Vijver, F. J. R., Poortinga, Y. H., & Georgas, J. (2002). Structural and functional equivalence of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire within and between countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 1229-1249. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00007-7
  • Vázquez F. L., Otero, P., López, L., Blanco, V., Ferraces, M. J., & Torres, Á. (2019). Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated for informal caregivers. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 10(2), 90 – 106. https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2019.02.028
  • Viladrich, C., Angulo-Brunet, A., & Doval, E. (2017). A journey around alpha and omega to estimate internal consistency reliability. Annals of Psychology, 33(3), 755-782. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.33.3.268401
  • Villarejo, A., & Puertas-Martín, V. (2011). Utilidad de los test breves en el cribado de la demencia. Neurología, 26, 425-433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2010.12.002