Uso Problemático de Internet en adolescentesValidación en español de la Escala de Uso Compulsivo de Internet (CIUS)

  1. Ortuño-Sierra, Javier 1
  2. Pérez-Sáenz, Julia 1
  3. Mason, Oliver 2
  4. Pérez de Albeniz, Alicia 1
  5. Fonseca Pedrero, Eduardo 1
  1. 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de La Rioja Programa Riojano de Investigación en Salud Mental (PRISMA)
  2. 2 Universidad de Surrey, Guildford
Revista:
Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

ISSN: 0214-4840

Año de publicación: 2024

Volumen: 36

Número: 3

Páginas: 247-256

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.20882/ADICCIONES.1801 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

Resumen

Problematic use of the Internet among adolescents has risen in the last decade. The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) is one of the most frequently internationally-used tools developed to assess Problematic Internet Use (PIU). However, evidence concerning its validity and reliability in its Spanish version for the adolescent population is currently lacking. Thus, the main goal of the present study was to analyse the psychometric properties of CIUS scores in a large sample of Spanish adolescents. The sample consisted of 1,790 participants (53.7% female, mean age = 15.70 years old, SD = 1.26). The one-dimensional model displayed appropriate goodness of fit indices after error covariance of five items were allowed to correlate. Strong measurement invariance was found for the one-dimensional model across age and gender. The McDonald’s Omega coefficient for the total score was 0.91. Furthermore, PIU was positively associated with different indicators of poor wellbeing and psychological difficulties and negatively associated with prosocial behaviour, self-esteem and sense of belonging to the educational centre. The study provided evidence of validity for the CIUS, confirming its utility for screening PIU in non-clinical adolescents.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Alavi, S. S., Jannatifard, F., Maracy, M. R., Alaghemandan, H. y Setare, M. (2014). Comparison of national and personal identity between person with internet addiction disorder and normal internet users. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 3, 52-58. doi:10.4103/2277-9531.131926.
  • American Psychiatric Association (2002). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth edition). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.
  • American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth edition). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.
  • Bousoño Serrano, M., Al-Halabi, S., Burón, P., Garrido, M., Díaz-Mesa, M. E., Galván, G.,… Bobes, J. (2017). Uso y abuso de sustancias psicotrópicas e internet, psicopatología e ideación suicida en adolescentes. Adicciones, 29, 97–104.
  • Bradshaw, C. P., Waasdorp, T. E., Debnam, K. J. y Johnson, S. L. (2014). Measuring school climate in high schools: A focus on safety, engagement, and the environment. Journal of School Health, 84, 593–604. doi:10.1111/josh.12186.
  • Cakmak, F. H. y Gul, H. (2018). Factors associated with problematic internet use among children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Northern clinics of Istanbul, 5, 302–313. doi:10.14744/nci.2017.92668.
  • Caplan, S. E. (2002). Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: Development of a theory-based cognitive-behavioral measurement instrument. Computers in Human Behavior, 18, 553–575. doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00004-3.
  • Caplan, S. E. (2010). Theory and measurement of generalized problematic internet use: A two-step approach. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1089-1097. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.012.
  • Chamberlain, S. R., Ioannidis, K. y Grant, J. E. (2018). The impact of comorbid impulsive/compulsive disorders in problematic Internet use. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7, 269–275. doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.30.
  • Christakis, D. A. (2010). Internet addiction: A 21st century epidemic? BMC Medicine, 8, 61. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-61.
  • Dhir, A., Chen, S. y Nieminen, M. (2015). Psychometric validation of the Chinese Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) with Taiwanese high school adolescents. Psychiatric Quarterly, 86, 581–596. doi:10.1007/s11126-015-9351-9.
  • Díaz-Aguado, M. J., Martín-Babarro, J. y Falcón, L. (2018). Problematic internet use, maladaptive future time perspective and school context. Psicothema, 30, 195–200. doi:10.7334/psicothema2017.282.
  • Díez-Gómez, A., Ortuño-Sierra, J., Pérez de Álbeniz, A. y Fonseca-Pedrero, E. (2020). SENTIA: Escala para la evaluación de la conducta suicida en adolescentes. Psicothema, 32, 382–389. doi:10.7334/psicothema2020.27.
  • Durkee, T., Kaess, M., Carli, V., Parzer, P., Wasserman, C., Floderus, B.,… Wasserman, D. (2012). Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: Demographic and social factors. Addiction, 107, 2210–2222. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03946.x.
  • Feijóo, S., Foody, M., Norman, J. O., Pichel, R. y Rial, A. (2021). Cyberbullies, the cyberbullied, and problematic internet use: Some reasonable similarities. Psicothema, 33, 198–205. doi:10.7334/psicothema2020.209.
  • Ferrando, P. J., Lorenzo-Seva, U., Hernández-Dorado, A. y Muñiz, J. (2022). Decalogue for the factor analysis of test items. Psicothema, 34, 7–17. doi:10.7334/psicothema2021.456.
  • Ferreiro, S. G., Folgar, M. I., Salgado, P. G. y Boubeta, A. R. (2017). Problematic Internet use and adolescents: Sport does matter. Retos, 31, 52–57.
  • Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Lemos-Giráldez, S., Paino, M., Villazón-García, U. y Muñiz, J. (2009). Validation of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief form in adolescents. Schizophrenia Research, 111, 53–60. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.006.
  • Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Gooding, D. C., Ortuño-Sierra, J. y Paino, M. (2016). Assessing self-reported clinical high risk symptoms in community-derived adolescents: A psychometric evaluation of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 66, 201–208. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.01.013.
  • Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Pérez-Albéniz, A., Díez-Gómez, A., Ortuño-Sierra, J. y Lucas-Molina, B. (2019). Escala Oviedo de Infrecuencia de Respuesta-Revisada. Documento no publicado. Universidad de La Rioja.
  • Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Pérez-Álvarez, M., Al-Halabí, S., Inchausti, F., López-Navarro, E. R., Muñiz, J.,… Montoya-Castilla, I. (2021). Empirically supported psychological treatments for children and adolescents: State of the art. Psicothema, 33, 386–398. doi:10.7334/psicothema2021.56.
  • Gao, T., Li, M., Hu, Y., Qin, Z., Cao, R., Mei, S. y Meng, X. (2020). When adolescents face both Internet addiction and mood symptoms: A cross-sectional study of comorbidity and its predictors. Psychiatry Research, 284, 112795. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112795.
  • Gómez, P., Rial, A., Braña, T., Golpe, S. y Varela, J. (2017). Screening of problematic Internet use among Spanish adolescents: Prevalence and related variables. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20, 259–267. doi:10.1089/cyber.2016.0262.
  • Goodman, R. (1997). The strengths and difficuties questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581–586. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x.
  • Griffiths, M. D. (1999). Internet addiction: Fact or fiction? Psychologist, 12, 46–50.
  • IBM. (2016). IBM SPSS Advanced Statistics 24. Ibm.
  • Jain, A., Sharma, R., Gaur, K., Yadav, N., Sharma, P., Sharma, N.,… Yadav, K. (2020). Study of internet addiction and its association with depression and insomnia in university students. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9, 1700. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1178_19.
  • JASP Team. (2019). JASP (Version 0.11.1.0). [Computer Software].
  • Jorgenson, A. G., Hsiao, R. C. y Yen, C. F. (2016). Internet addiction and other behavioral addictions. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 25, 509–520. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2016.03.004.
  • Khazaal, Y., Chatton, A., Horn, A., Achab, S., Thorens, G., Zullino, D. y Billieux, J. (2012). French validation of the compulsive internet use scale (CIUS). Psychiatric Quarterly, 83, 397–405. doi:10.1007/s11126-012-9210-x.
  • Kuss, D., Griffiths, M., Karila, L. y Billieux, J. (2014). Internet addiction: A systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20, 4026–4052. doi:10.2174/13816128113199990617.
  • Laconi, S., Rodgers, R. F. y Chabrol, H. (2014). The measurement of Internet addiction: A critical review of existing scales and their psychometric properties. Computers in Human Behavior, 41,190–202. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.026.
  • Lee, B. W. y Stapinski, L. A. (2012). Seeking safety on the internet: Relationship between social anxiety and problematic internet use. Journal of anxiety disorders, 26, 197–205. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.11.001.
  • Loewy, R. L., Pearson, R., Vinogradov, S., Bearden, C. E. y Cannon, T. D. (2011). Psychosis risk screening with the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief version (PQ-B). Schizophrenia Research, 129, 42-46. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.03.029.
  • López-Fernández, O. (2015). Cross-cultural research on Internet addiction: A systematic review. International Archives of Addiction Research and Medicine, 1, 2–6. doi:10.23937/2474-3631/1510011.
  • López-Fernández, O., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Dawes, C., Pontes, H. M., Justice, L.,… Billieux, J. (2019). Cross-cultural validation of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale in four forms and eight languages. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22, 451–464. doi:10.1089/cyber.2018.0731.
  • Mak, K. K., Lai, C. M., Ko, C. H., Chou, C., Kim, D. I., Watanabe, H. y Ho, R. C. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R) in Chinese adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42, 1237–1245. doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9851-3.
  • Martín-Albo, J., Núñez, J.L., Navarro, J.G. y Grijalvo, F. (2007). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and validation in University students. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 10, 458-467. doi:10.1017/s1138741600006727.
  • McGrath, J. J., Saha, S., Al-Hamzawi, A. O., Alonso, J., Andrade, L., Borges, G.,… Kessler, R. C. (2016). Age of onset and lifetime projected risk of psychotic experiences: Cross-national data from the world mental health survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42, 933–941. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw011.
  • Meerkerk, G. J., Van Den Eijnden, R. J. J. M., Vermulst, A. A. y Garretsen, H. F. L. (2009). The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS): Some psychometric properties. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 12, 1–6. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0181.
  • Mei, S., Yau, Y. H., Chai, J., Guo, J. y Potenza, M. N. (2016). Problematic Internet use, well-being, self-esteem and self-control: Data from a high-school survey in China. Addictive Behaviors, 61, 74–79. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.009.
  • Moreno, M. A., Eickhoff, J., Zhao, Q., Young, H. N. y Cox, E. D. (2019). Problematic Internet Use: A longitudinal study evaluating prevalence and predictors. The Journal of Pediatrics: X, 1, 100006. doi:10.1016/j.ympdx.2019.100006.
  • Muthén, L. K. y Muthén, B. O. (1998). Statistical Analysis With Latent Variables User’s Guide. www.StatModel.com.
  • Organización Mundial de la Salud (World Health Organization). (2018). ICD-11 - Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3A%2F%2Fid.who.int%2Ficd%2Fentity%2F1448597234.
  • Ortuño-Sierra, J., Aritio-Solana, R., Inchausti, F., De Luis, E. C., Molina, B. L., De Albéniz, A. P. y Fonseca-Pedrero, E. (2017). Screening for depressive symptoms in adolescents at school: New validity evidences on the short form of the reynolds depression scale. PLoS ONE, 12, e0170950. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170950.
  • Ortuño-Sierra, J., Chocarro, E., Fonseca-Pedrero, E., Riba, S. S. I. y Muñiz, J. (2015). The assessment of emotional and Behavioural problems: Internal structure of The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 15, 265–273. doi:10.1016/J.IJCHP.2015.05.005.
  • Panova, T., Carbonell, X., Chamarro, A. y Puerta-Cortés, D. X. (2021). La investigación del Internet Addiction Test desde una perspectiva intercultural: España, Estados Unidos y Colombia. Adicciones, 33, 307–318. doi:10.20882/adicciones.1345.
  • Pedrero-Pérez, E. J., Ruiz-Sánchez De León, J. M., Rojo-Mota, G., Llanero-Luque, M., Pedrero-Aguilar, J., Morales-Alonso, S. y Puerta-García, C. (2018). Information and Communications Technologies (ICT): Problematic use of internet, video games, mobile phones, instant messaging and social networks using MULTICAGE-TIC. Adicciones, 30, 19–32. doi:10.20882/adicciones.806.
  • Plan Nacional sobre Drogas. (2021). ESTUDES 2021. Encuesta sobre uso de drogas en enseñanzas secundarias en España, 1994-2021. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad. https://pnsd.sanidad.gob.es/profesionales/sistemasInformacion/sistemaInformacion/pdf/ESTUDES_2021_Informe_de_Resultados.pdf.
  • Reynolds, W. M. (2002). Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale – 2nd Edition. Professional manual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.
  • Rial Boubeta, A., Golpe Ferreiro, S., Gómez Salgado, P. y Barreiro Couto, C. (2015). Variables asociadas al uso problemático de Internet entre adolescentes. Health and Addictions/Salud y Drogas, 15, 25–38. doi:10.21134/haaj.v15i1.223.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent sel- image. Princenton: University Press.
  • Sales, H. F. S., Silva, F. M. de S. M. da., Lopes, B. de J. y Silva, C. F. de L. S, da. (2018). Adaptação da escala de uso compulsivo de Internet para avaliar dependência de smartphone. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 36, 155-166. doi:10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.4649.
  • Sarmiento, A., Zych, I., Herrera-López, M., Delgado Sánchez, U. y Oksanen, A. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale in Spain, Colombia, and Mexico. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 24, 108–116. doi:10.1089/cyber.2020.0046.
  • Smahel, D., MacHackova, H., Mascheroni, G., Dedkova, L., Staksrud, E., Olafsson, K., Livingstone, S. y Hasebrink, U. (2020). EU Kids Online 2020: Survey results from 19 countries. London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Sussman, C. J., Harper, J. M., Stahl, J. L. y Weigle, P. (2018). Internet and video game addictions: Diagnosis, epidemiology, and neurobiology. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 27, 307–326. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2017.11.015.
  • Tsitsika, A., Janikian, M., Schoenmakers, T. M., Tzavela, E. C., Ólafsson, K., Wójcik, S.,… Richardson, C. (2014). Internet addictive behavior in adolescence: A cross-sectional study in seven European countries. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17, 528–535. doi:10.1089/cyber.2013.0382.
  • Van den Eijnden, R. J., Spijkerman, R., Vermulst, A. A., van Rooij, T. J. y Engels, R. C. (2010). Compulsive internet use among adolescents: Bidirectional parent-child relationships. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 77–89. doi:10.1007/s10802-009-9347-8.
  • Vila, M. M., Carballo, J. L. y Coloma-Carmona, A. (2018). Rendimiento académico y cognitivo en el uso problemático de internet. Adicciones, 30, 101–110. doi:10.20882/adicciones.844.
  • Vink, J. M., van Beijsterveldt, T. C., Huppertz, C., Bartels, M. y Boomsma, D. I. (2016). Heritability of compulsive Internet use in adolescents. Addiction Biology, 21, 460–468. doi:10.1111/adb.12218.
  • Wartberg, L., Petersen, K. U., Kammerl, R., Rosenkranz, M. y Thomasius, R. (2014). Psychometric validation of a German version of the compulsive Internet use scale. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 17, 99–103. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0689.
  • Yong, R., Inoue, A. y Kawakami, N. (2017). The validity and psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS). BMC Psychiatry, 17, 201. doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1364-5.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet