Pensamiento episódico futuro para la prevención y el tratamiento de conductas de riesgo para la salud

  1. Gema Aonso-Diego 1
  2. Alba González-Roz 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Revista:
Papeles del psicólogo

ISSN: 0214-7823 1886-1415

Año de publicación: 2023

Título del ejemplar: Novena edición de los test editados en España

Volumen: 44

Número: 1

Páginas: 8-14

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Papeles del psicólogo

Resumen

Las enfermedades no transmisibles (i.e., enfermedades cardiovasculares, oncológicas, respiratorias y endocrinas) representan la principal causa de muerte y morbilidad en el mundo, siendo el consumo de tabaco y alcohol, una dieta no saludable y un estilo de vida sedentario los principales factores de riesgo. Desde la teoría de la patología del refuerzo, sustentada en el modelo de la Economía Conductual (EC), estas conductas de riesgo para la salud se entienden como trastornos de elección, caracterizados por una valoración excesiva del reforzador (p.ej., droga) y una preferencia por los reforzadores inmediatos en detrimento de los demorados. El pensamiento episódico futuro (PEF) es una intervención psicológica que consiste en visualizar vívidamente eventos futuros y proyectarse en ellos, con el fin de incrementar la valoración de los reforzadores asociados a la ejecución de una conducta saludable. Esta técnica presenta resultados prometedores en la reducción de la toma de decisiones impulsiva y en el aumento de conductas relacionadas con la salud (p.ej., abstinencia, dieta, actividad física).

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