44RqR – Vol. 10 Nº 4 | Otoño 2022Knowledge, individual beliefs and preventive behaviours regarding COVID-19 in Spanish unviersity students

  1. María del Mar Fernández-Álvarez 1
  2. Edurne Zabaleta del Olmo 2
  3. M Antonín Martín 3
  4. Judit Cachero Rodríguez 1
  5. Rubén Martín Payo 1
  1. 1 Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo
  2. 2 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
  3. 3 Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería, Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat, Universidad Autóno-ma de Barcelona, Spain
Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
RqR Enfermería Comunitaria

ISSN: 2254-8270

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 10

Número: 4

Páginas: 44-57

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: RqR Enfermería Comunitaria

Resumen

Objetivo: evaluar los conocimientos, las creencias, las percepciones y las conductas preventivas desarrolladas en relación con COVID-19 en estudiantes de universidades españolas. Metodología: estudio transversal en el que se empleó una versión digital de la en-cuesta de la OMS “Monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions, preventive behaviours and trust to inform pandemic outbreak respon-se”, en el mes de mayo de 2020. Resultados: participaron 1285 estudian-tes, con edad media de 23,4 (DE=6,0). La puntuación media de la autopercepción de conocimiento fue de 5,5 (DE= 1,1) (rango 0-7) y de síntomas correctamente identifi-cados de 6,9 (DE=1,8) (rango 0-17). La pro-babilidad de infectarse y la severidad, en un rango de 1-7, obtuvieron una puntuación media de 3,8 (DE= 1,5 y 1,6 respectivamen-te). El número de medidas efectivas adop-tadas para prevenir COVID-19 fue de 8,6 (DE = 1,3) (rango 0-10) y de las no efectivas 0,4 (DE = 0,8) (rango 0-7).Conclusión: los resultados muestran un adecuado nivel de conocimiento de sínto-mas y medidas preventivas. La percepción de riesgo, severidad, probabilidad de in-fectarse y capacidad de evitar la infección sugieren un exceso de confianza que debe ser tenido en cuenta.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Wu D, Wu T, Liu Q, Yang Z. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: What we know. Int J Infec Dis. 2020; 94: 44-8.
  • doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.004.
  • Jonhson HC. Potential scenarios for the progression of a COVID-19 epidemic in the European Union and the European Economic Area. Euro Surveill. 2020; 25(9): 2000202. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000202.
  • Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu YJ, Mao YP, Ye RX, Wang QZ, et al. Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020; 9 (1): 29. doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x.
  • Wilder-Smith A, Freedman DO. Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. J Travel Med. 2020; 27(2): taaa020. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taaa020.
  • Champion VL, Skinner CS. Health Behavior and Health Education. Theory, Research, and Practice. 4th ed. San Francisco: John Willey & Sons; 2008.
  • Michie S, van Stralen MM, West R. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci. 2011; 6: 42. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-6-42.
  • Becker MH. The Health Belief Model and Sick Role Behavior. Health Educ Behav. 1974; 2: 326–7.
  • doi: 10.1177/109019817400200407.
  • Lohiniva AL, Sane J, Sibenberg K, Puumalainen T, Salminen M. Understanding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) risk perceptions among the public to enhance risk communication efforts: a practical approach for outbreaks, Finland, February 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020; 25 (13): 2000317.
  • doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000317.
  • World Health Organization. Weekly Surveillance Report. World Health Organization. 2020.
  • https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/weekly-surveillance-report. Accessed 26 Nov 2020.
  • Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Informe número 50 de la situación COVID en España. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. 2020.
  • https://www.isciii.es/QueHacemos/Servicios/VigilanciaSaludPublicaRENAVE/EnfermedadesTransmisibles/
  • Documents/INFORMES/Informes%20COVID-19/Informe%20COVID-19.%20N%C2%BA%2050_28%20
  • de%20octubre%20de%202020.pdf. Accessed 26 Nov 2020.
  • Han D, Li R, Han Y, Zhang R, Li J. COVID-19: Insight into the asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 infection and transmission. Int J Biol Sci. 2020; 16 (15): 2803-11. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.48991.
  • Van Selm M, Jankowski NW. Conducting online surveys. Qual Quant. 2006; 40: 435–56.
  • doi: 10.1007/s11135-005-8081-8.
  • World Health Organization. Monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions, preventive behaviours and trust to inform pandemic outbreak response. World Health Organization.2020.
  • https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/436705/COVID-19-survey-tool-and-guidance.pdf.
  • Accessed 26 Nov 2020.
  • Hinkle DE, Wiersma W, Jurs SG. Applied Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin; 1998.
  • Sheleme T, Bekele F, Ayela T. Clinical Presentation of Patients Infected with Coronavirus Disease 19: A Systematic Review. Infect Dis. (Auckl). 2020; 13: 1178633720952076.
  • doi:10.1177/1178633720952076.
  • Yuan T, Liu H, Li XD, Liu HR. Factors Affecting Infection Control Behaviors to Prevent COVID-19: An Online Survey of Nursing Students in Anhui, China in March and April 2020. Med Sci Monit. 2020; 26: e925877. doi: 10.12659/MSM.925877.
  • Gallè F, Sabella EA, Da Molin G, De Giglio O, Caggiano G, Di Onofrio V, et al. Understanding Knowledge and Behaviors Related to CoViD-19 Epidemic in Italian Undergraduate Students: The EPICO Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17 (10): 3481. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103481.
  • Taghrir MH, Borazjani R, Shiraly R. COVID-19 and Iranian Medical Students; A Survey on Their Related-Knowledge, Preventive Behaviors and Risk Perception. Arch Iran Med. 2020; 23(4): 249-54. doi: 10.34172/aim.2020.06.
  • Gohel KH, Patel PB, Shah PM, Patel JR, Pandit N, Raut A. Knowledge and perceptions about COVID-19
  • among the medical and allied health science students in India: An online cross-sectional survey. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2021; 9:104-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.07.008.
  • Olaimat AN, Aolymat I, Elsahoryi N, Shahbaz HM, Holley RA. Attitudes, Anxiety, and Behavioral Practices Regarding COVID-19 among University Students in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020; 103(3): 1177-83. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0418.
  • Dardas LA, Khalaf I, Nabolsi M, Nassar O, Halasa S. Developing an Understanding of Adolescents’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward COVID-19. J Sch Nurs. 2020; 36(6):430-41. doi: 10.1177/1059840520957069.
  • Peng Y, Pei C, Zheng Y, Wang J, Zhang K, Zheng Z, et al. A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitude and practice associated with COVID-19 among undergraduate students in China. BMC Public Health. 2020; 20(1): 1292. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09392-z.
  • Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards
  • COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci. 2020; 16(10): 1745-52. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.45221.
  • Chesser A, Drassen Ham A, Keene Woods N. Assessment of COVID-19 Knowledge Among University Students: Implications for Future Risk Communication Strategies. Health Educ Behav. 2020; 47(4): 540-3.
  • doi: 10.1177/1090198120931420.
  • Wilson RF, Sharma AJ, Schluechtermann S, Currie DW, Mangan J, Kaplan B, et al. Factors Influencing Risk for COVID-19 Exposure Among Young Adults Aged 18-23 Years - Winnebago County, Wisconsin, March-July
  • MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020; 69(41): 1497-502. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6941e2.
  • Gao Z, Ying S, Liu J, Zhang H, Li J, Ma C. A cross-sectional study: Comparing the attitude and knowledge of medical and non-medical students toward 2019 novel coronavirus. J Infect Public Health. 2020; 13(10): 1419-23.
  • doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.06.031.
  • Cervera-Gasch Á, González-Chordá VM, Mena-Tudela D. COVID-19: Are Spanish medicine and nursing students prepared? Nurse Educ Today. 2020; 92: 104473. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104473.
  • Umeizudike KA, Isiekwe IG, Fadeju AD, Akinboboye BO, Aladenika ET. Nigerian undergraduate dental students’ knowledge, perception, and attitude to COVID-19 and infection control practices. J Dent Educ. 2021; 8582):187-96. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12423.
  • Hamza MS, Badary OA, Elmazar MM. Cross-Sectional Study on Awareness and Knowledge of COVID-19
  • Among Senior pharmacy Students. J Community Health. 2020; 46(1):139-46. doi: 10.1007/s10900-020-00859-z.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet