Same-different letter decision taska study with Spanish children with dyslexia

  1. Cristina Martínez-García
  2. Fernando Cuetos
  3. Paz Suárez-Coalla
Revista:
Journal for the Study of Education and Development, Infancia y Aprendizaje

ISSN: 0210-3702 1578-4126

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 45

Número: 4

Páginas: 870-905

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Journal for the Study of Education and Development, Infancia y Aprendizaje

Resumen

En etapas tempranas de lectura es común ver errores de letras en espejo debido al proceso de generalización que permite identificar un estímulo visual independientemente de su orientación. Para evitar tales errores, este proceso debe ser inhibido. Un caso especial serían los niños con dislexia, ya que sus dificultades con el código alfabético pueden demorar la adquisición de la orientación correcta de las letras. En este estudio se investigó la relación entre los errores reversibles en la lectura y la dislexia. Veintisiete niños españoles con dislexia (7–12 años) y 27 controles emparejados por edad cronológica realizaron una tarea de decisión de letras ‘igual-diferente’ en letras reversibles y no reversibles. Los resultados mostraron que todos los participantes requieren más tiempo y cometen más errores al discriminar letras reversibles. Sin embargo, se observó una peor ejecución en el grupo de niños con dislexia, lo que parece indicar que este grupo se demora en la adquisición de la correcta orientación de las letras. Por tanto, los resultados indican que superar los errores de letras en espejo en la lectura depende, en cierta medida, de la competencia lectora de los niños y de la capacidad de inhibir el proceso de generalización de los espejos.

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