Uso de modelos 4D para la visualización de la secuencia de construcción en proyectos de ingeniería

Resum

Although the sequence of construction activities can be represented by a CPM network or a Gantt chart, the absence of visualization of such activities difficults the communication between different stakeholders. Most construction project managers, due to their field experience, can mentally visualize the construction process. However, communication with less experienced managers, or trying to reach an agreement among several technical about what is the optimal sequence of construction processes, are a complex task. As a result, potential problems in the task sequence are not easily discovered in the scheduling process, so this detection is moved to the construction phase. A 4D model is the result of joining a 3D model to a temporal dimension which represents the time schedule of the project. Combining in a single model 4D physical aspects -construction- , and temporal aspects -scheduling- , allows to visualize the construction sequence, providing an environment that makes easier the interaction and communication, as well as finding potential problems. This allows to extend the use of the 4D model to perform an analysis of the optimal time sequence, as well as productivity, safety or resource allocation analysis.