Manejo de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes en atención primaria

  1. S. Miravet-Jiménez 1
  2. M.P. Pérez-Unanua 2
  3. M. Alonso-Fernández 3
  4. F.J. Escobar-Lavado 4
  5. B. González-Mohino Loro 5
  6. A. Piera-Carbonell 6
  1. 1 EAP Martorell urbà-Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
  2. 2 CS Dr. Castroviejo, Servicio de Salud de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, España
  3. 3 EAP La Ería, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
  4. 4 CS Valsequillo, Servicio Canario de Salud, Las Palmas, Canarias, España
  5. 5 CS La Puebla de Montalbán, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, España
  6. 6 CS Luanco, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Gozón, Asturias, España
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Revue:
Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

ISSN: 1138-3593

Année de publication: 2020

Número: 6

Pages: 415-424

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.SEMERG.2019.11.008 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

D'autres publications dans: Semergen: revista española de medicina de familia

Objectifs de Développement Durable

Résumé

La prevalencia de la diabetes tipo 2 diagnosticada en la infancia/juventud está aumentando y se caracteriza por una disminución acelerada de la función de las células beta pancreáticas y resistencia a la insulina. Los principales factores de riesgo para su desarrollo son obesidad e inactividad física. Los criterios diagnósticos son similares a los utilizados en adultos, aunque la HbA1c como método diagnóstico está cuestionada. Las complicaciones son más agresivas que en la diabetes tipo 2 del adulto, siendo la nefropatía la más frecuente. Las complicaciones macrovasculares aparecen precozmente y su mortalidad es elevada. La alimentación saludable y el ejercicio físico continuado son los pilares básicos del tratamiento, y la metformina, insulina y liraglutide (aprobado por la FDA en Estados Unidos) las opciones farmacológicas con indicación en esta población. Es importante establecer modelos de transición de la atención pediátrica a la atención adulta para garantizar la continuidad asistencial y evitar pérdidas en el seguimiento de estos pacientes.

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A los miembros del GT de diabetes de la SEMERGEN que han colaborado en este art?culo: Abdurrahman Adlbi Sibai, Laia Homedes Celma, Diego Murillo Garc?a, Ana Olivares Loro, Andr?s Sim?n Fuentes y a nuestra coordinadora nacional Flora L?pez Simarro.

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