Polydrug use trajectories and differences in impulsivity among adolescents

  1. Víctor Martínez-Loredo 1
  2. José Ramón Fernández-Hermida 1
  3. Alejandro de La Torre-Luque 2
  4. Sergio Fernández-Artamendi 3
  1. 1 Department of Psychology, Universidad de Oviedo
  2. 2 Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  3. 3 Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía
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Revista:
International journal of clinical and health psychology

ISSN: 1697-2600

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 18

Número: 3

Páginas: 235-244

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.IJCHP.2018.07.003 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: International journal of clinical and health psychology

Resumen

Antecedentes/Objetivo: A pesar de que el alcohol, tabaco y cánnabis son las drogas más utilizadas, existen pocos estudios sobre policonsumo y su relación con la impulsividad en adolescentes. Los objetivos de este estudio son identificar trayectorias de policonsumo y analizar diferencias en impulsividad. Método: Se evaluaron anualmente 1.565 adolescentes (54,4% hombres; edad media = 13,02, DT = 0,57) durante tres años usando la Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt, la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones de Zuckerman y las Tareas de Stroop y Descuento por Demora. Se evaluó el uso de alcohol, tabaco, cannabis, uso problemático de alcohol y borracheras. Se usaron modelos mixtos de clases latentes y análisis mixtos multivariados de covarianza. Resultados: Se encontraron tres trayectorias de policonsumo. Las trayectorias de “Uso experimental” y “Uso temprano” presentaron los menores y mayores niveles de impulsividad, respectivamente. Los incrementos en el consumo de la trayectoria de “Escalamiento” se asociaron con incrementos paralelos en la impulsividad. Conclusiones: Las personas con distintos patrones de consumo de sustancias durante la adolescencia difieren en sus niveles de impulsividad, principalmente en impulsividad general y búsqueda de sensaciones. Los resultados sugieren la relevancia de estas facetas como dianas para prevenir el inicio y escalamiento del consumo.

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