Contingency management effects on delay discounting among patients receiving smoking cessation treatment

  1. Sara Weidberg 1
  2. Reid D. Landes 2
  3. Irene Pericot Valverde 1
  4. Alba González Roz 1
  5. Jin Yoon 3
  6. Roberto Secades Villa 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

  2. 2 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
    info

    University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

    Little Rock, Estados Unidos

    ROR https://ror.org/00xcryt71

  3. 3 Baylor College of Medicine
    info

    Baylor College of Medicine

    Houston, Estados Unidos

    ROR https://ror.org/02pttbw34

Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 27

Número: 4

Páginas: 309-316

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that delay discounting may change following effective interventions. Nonetheless, previous studies that assessed the effect of contingency management (CM) on delay discounting are scarce, and their results are mixed. The current study assessed whether CM in conjunction with a cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for smoking cessation was associated with changes in delay discounting at end-of-treatment and at 6-month follow-up compared to CBT alone. Method: One hundred and sixteen treatment-seeking smokers were randomly assigned either to CM + CBT (n = 69) or to CBT alone (n = 47). Participants completed delay discounting assessments at the intake, at end-of-treatment, and at 6-month follow-up. We evaluated CM’s effect on discounting with parametric and nonparametric methods. Results: Between-group analyses showed that none of the interventions changed delay discounting from intake to end-of-treatment or to 6-month follow-up. Nonetheless, some within-group analyses showed that the CM + CBT condition evidenced some degree of reduction. Conclusions: The current results suggest that CM intervention is not robustly associated with delay discounting changes. Future studies should address treatments that may potentially change delay discounting.

Información de financiación

Financiadores

  • Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad Spain
    • BES-2012-053988
  • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Spain
    • PSI2011-22804

Referencias bibliográficas

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th revised ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
  • Arnau, J., Bendayan, R., Blanca, M. J., & Bono, R. (2014). The effect of skewness and kurtosis on the Kenward-Roger approximation when group distributions differ. Psicothema, 26, 279-285.
  • Ashare, R. L., & Hawk, L. W. (2012). Effects of smoking abstinence on impulsive behavior among smokers high and low in ADHD-like symptoms. Psychopharmacology, 219, 537-547.
  • Audrain-McGovern, J., Rodriguez, D., Epstein, L. H., Cuevas, J., Rodgers, K., & Wileyto, E. P. (2009). Does delay discounting play an etiological role in smoking or is it a consequence of smoking? Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 103, 99-106.
  • Ayduk, O., Mendoza-Denton, R., Mischel, W., Downey, G., Peake, P. K., & Rodriguez, M. (2000). Regulating the interpersonal self: Strategic selfregulation for coping with rejection sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 776-792.
  • Baker, F., Johnson, M. W., & Bickel, W. K. (2003). Delay Discounting in Current and Never-Before Cigarette Smokers: Similarities and Differences Across Commodity, Sign, and Magnitude. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112, 382-392.
  • Becoña, E., & Vázquez, F. L. (1997). Does using relapse prevention increase the effi cacy of a program for smoking cessation? An empirical study. Psychological Reports, 81, 291-296.
  • Bickel, W. K., Jarmolowicz, D. P., Mueller, E. T., Koffarnus, M. N., & Gatchalian, K. M. (2012). Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process contributing to addiction and other diseaserelated vulnerabilities: Emerging evidence. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 134, 287-297.
  • Bickel, W. K., Koffarnus, M. N., Moody, N., & Wilson, A. G. (2014). The behavioral-and neuro-economic process of temporal discounting: A candidate behavioral marker of addiction. Neuropharmacology, 76, 518-527.
  • Bickel, W. K., & Marsch, L. A. (2001). Toward a behavioral economic understanding of drug dependence: delay discounting processes. Addiction, 96, 73-86.
  • Bickel, W. K., Yi, R., Landes, R. D., Hill, P. F., & Baxter, C. (2011). Remember the Future: Working Memory Training Decreases Delay Discounting Among Stimulant Addicts. Biological Psychiatry, 69, 260-265.
  • Black, A. C., & Rosen, M. I. (2011). A money management-based substance use treatment increases valuation of future rewards. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 125-128.
  • Coffey, S. F., Gudleski, G. D., Saladin, M. E., & Brady, K. T. (2003). Impulsivity and rapid discounting of delayed hypothetical rewards in cocaine-dependent individuals. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 11, 18-25.
  • Chivers, L. L., & Higgins, S. T. (2012). Some Observations from Behavioral Economics for Consideration in Promoting Money Management among Those with Substance Use Disorders. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 38, 8-19.
  • Cheng, J. Q., Lu, Y. H., Han, X. D., Gonzalez-Vallejo, C., & Sui, N. (2012). Temporal Discounting in Heroin-Dependent Patients: No Sign Effect, Weaker Magnitude Effect, and the Relationship With Inhibitory Control. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20, 400-409.
  • Dallery, J., & Raiff, B. R. (2007). Delay discounting predicts cigarette smoking in a laboratory model of abstinence reinforcement. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 190, 485-496.
  • Dixon, M. R., & Holton, B. (2009). Altering the magnitude of delay discounting by pathological gamblers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 269-275.
  • Dixon, M. R., Jacobs, E. A., & Sanders, S. (2006). Contextual control of delay discounting by pathological gamblers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 39, 413-422.
  • Dom, G., D’Haene, P., Hulstijn, W., & Sabbe, B. (2006). Impulsivity in abstinent early- and late-onset alcoholics: differences in self-report measures and a discounting task. Addiction, 101, 50-59.
  • Field, M., Santarcangelo, M., Sumnall, H., Goudie, A., & Cole, J. (2006). Delay discounting and the behavioural economics of cigarette purchases in smokers: the effects of nicotine deprivation. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 186, 255-263.
  • García-Rodríguez, O., Secades-Villa, R., Weidberg, S., & Yoon, J. H. (2013). A systematic assessment of delay discounting in relation to cocaine and nicotine dependence. Behavioural Processes, 99, 100-105.
  • Giordano, L. A., Bickel, W. K., Loewenstein, G., Jacobs, E. A., Marsch, L., & Badger, G. J. (2002). Mild opioid deprivation increases the degree that opioid-dependent outpatients discount delayed heroin and money. Psychopharmacology, 163, 174-182.
  • Hadden, C. (2012). Nonparametric Methods to Detect Within-Individual Changes in Discounting. Little Rock, AR: Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences.
  • Heil, S. H., Johnson, M. W., Higgins, S. T., & Bickel, W. K. (2006). Delay discounting in currently using and currently abstinent cocainedependent outpatients and non-drug-using matched controls. Addictive Behaviors, 31, 1290-1294.
  • Higgins, S. T., Silverman, K., Sigmon, S. C., & Naito, N. A. (2012). Incentives and health: An introduction. Preventive Medicine, 55, S2-S6.
  • Hoffman, W., Moore, M., Templin, R., McFarland, B., Hitzemann, R. J., & Mitchell, S. H. (2006). Neuropsychological function and delay discounting in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Psychopharmacology, 188, 162-170.
  • Holt, D. D., Green, L., & Myerson, J. (2012). Estimating the subjective value of future rewards: Comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures. Behavioural Processes, 90, 302-310.
  • Johnson, M. W., & Bickel, W. K. (2002). Within-subject comparison of real and hypothetical money rewards in delay discounting. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 77, 129-146.
  • Johnson, M. W., & Bickel, W. K. (2008). An algorithm for identifying nonsystematic delay-discounting data. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 16, 264-274.
  • Johnson, M. W., Bickel, W. K., & Baker, F. (2007). Moderate drug use and delay discounting: A comparison of heavy, light, and never smokers. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15, 187-194.
  • Kirby, K. N., & Petry, N. M. (2004). Heroin and cocaine abusers have higher discount rates for delayed rewards than alcoholics or non-drugusing controls. Addiction, 99, 461-471.
  • Koffarnus, M. N., Jarmolowicz, D. P., Mueller, E. T., & Bickel, W. K. (2013). Changing delay discounting in the light of the competing neurobehavioral decision systems theory: a review. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 99, 32-57.
  • Lagorio, C. H., & Madden, G. J. (2005). Delay discounting of real and hypothetical rewards III: Steady-state assessments, forced-choice trials, and all rewards. Behavioural Processes, 69, 173-187.
  • Lamb, R. J., Kirby, K. C., Morral, A. R., Galbicka, G., & Iguchi, M. Y. (2010). Shaping Smoking Cessation in Hard-to-Treat Smokers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 62-71.
  • Landes, R. D., Christensen, D. R., & Bickel, W. K. (2012). Delay discounting decreases in those completing treatment for opioid dependence. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20, 302-309.
  • Littell, R. C., Milliken, G. A., Stroup, W. W., Wolfi nger, R. D., & Schabenberger, O. (2006). SAS(r) for Mixed Models (2nd ed.). Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
  • López-Núñez, C., Loredo-Martínez, V., Weidberg, S., Pericot-Valverde, I., & Secades-Villa, R. (2015). Voucher-based contingency management and in-treatment behaviors in smoking cessation treatment. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. Advanced online publication. doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2015.05.003
  • MacKillop, J., & Kahler, C. W. (2009). Delayed reward discounting predicts treatment response for heavy drinkers receiving smoking cessation treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 104, 197-203.
  • MacKillop, J., Miranda, R., Monti, P. M., Ray, L. A., Murphy, J. G., Rohsenow, D. J., et al. (2010). Alcohol Demand, Delayed Reward Discounting, and Craving in Relation to Drinking and Alcohol Use Disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 106-114.
  • Madden, G. J., Begotka, A. M., Raiff, B. R., & Kastern, L. L. (2003). Delay discounting of real and hypothetical rewards. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 11, 139-145.
  • Madden, G. J., Raiff, B. R., Lagorio, C. H., Begotka, A. M., Mueller, A. M., Hehli, D. J., et al. (2004). Delay Discounting of Potentially Real and Hypothetical Rewards: II. Between-and Within-Subject Comparisons. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 12, 251-261.
  • Mazur, J. E. (1987). An adjusting procedure for studying delayed reinforcement. In M. L. Commons, J. E. Mazur, J. A. Nevin & H. Rachlin (Eds.), Quantitative analysis of behavior: The effects of delay and intervening events on reinforcement value. (Vol. 55-73, pp. 88). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Mitchell, S. H. (2004). Effects of short-term nicotine deprivation on decision-making: Delay, uncertainty and effort discounting. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 6, 819-828.
  • Mueller, E. T., Landes, R. D., Kowal, B. P., Yi, R., Stitzer, M. L., Burnett, C. A., et al. (2009). Delay of smoking gratification as a laboratory model of relapse: effects of incentives for not smoking, and relationship with measures of executive function. Behavioural Pharmacology, 20, 461-473.
  • Myerson, J., Green, L., & Warusawitharana, M. (2001). Area under the curve as a measure of discounting. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 76, 235-243.
  • Odum, A. L. (2011). Delay discounting: Trait variable? Behavioural Processes, 87, 1-9.
  • Odum, A. L., Madden, G. J., & Bickel, W. K. (2002). Discounting of delayed health gains and losses by current, never-and ex-smokers of cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 4, 295-303.
  • Odum, A. L., & Rainaud, C. P. (2003). Discounting of delayed hypothetical money, alcohol, and food. Behavioural Processes, 64, 305-313.
  • Ohmura, Y., Takahashi, T., & Kitamura, N. (2005). Discounting delayed and probabilistic monetary gains and losses by smokers of cigarettes. Psychopharmacology, 182, 508-515.
  • Perkins, K. A., Karelitz, J. L., & Jao, N. C. (2013). Optimal Carbon Monoxide Criteria to Confirm 24-hr Smoking Abstinence. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 15, 978-982.
  • Peters, E. N., Petry, N. M., LaPaglia, D. M., Reynolds, B., & Carroll, K. M. (2013). Delay Discounting in Adults Receiving Treatment for Marijuana Dependence. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21, 46-54.
  • Petry, N. M. (2001). Delay discounting of money and alcohol in actively using alcoholics, currently abstinent alcoholics, and controls. Psychopharmacology, 154, 243-250.
  • Reynolds, B. (2004). Do high rates of cigarette consumption increase delay discounting? A cross-sectional comparison of adolescent smokers and young-adult smokers and nonsmokers. Behavioural Processes, 67, 545-549.
  • Reynolds, B. (2006). A review of delay-discounting research with humans: relations to drug use and gambling. Behavioural Pharmacology, 17, 651-667.
  • Reynolds, B., Richards, J. B., & de Wit, H. (2006). Acute-alcohol effects on the Experiential Discounting Task (EDT) and a question-based measure of delay discounting. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 83, 194-202.
  • Rezvanfard, M., Ekhtiari, H., Mokri, A., Djavid, G. E., & Kaviani, H. (2010). Psychological and Behavioral Traits in Smokers and Their Relationship with Nicotine Dependence Level. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 13, 395-405.
  • Secades-Villa, R., Alonso-Perez, F., Garcia-Rodriguez, O., & Fernandez-Hermida, J. R. (2009). Effectiveness of three intensities of smoking cessation treatment in primary care. Psychological Reports, 105, 747-758.
  • Secades-Villa, R., García-Rodríguez, O., López-Núñez, C., Alonso-Pérez, F., & Fernández-Hermida, J. (2014). Contingency management for smoking cessation among treatment-seeking patients in a community setting. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 140, 63-68.
  • Sheffer, C., MacKillop, J., McGeary, J., Landes, R., Carter, L., Yi, R., et al. (2012). Delay Discounting, Locus of Control, and Cognitive Impulsiveness Independently Predict Tobacco Dependence Treatment Outcomes in a Highly Dependent, Lower Socioeconomic Group of Smokers. American Journal on Addictions, 21, 221-232.
  • Stanger, C., Ryan, S. R., Fu, H., Landes, R. D., Jones, B. A., Bickel, W. K., et al. (2012). Delay Discounting Predicts Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Outcome. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20, 205-212.
  • Takahashi, T., Furukawa, A., Miyakawa, T., Maesato, H., & Higuchi, S. (2007). Two-month stabitity of hyperbotic discount rates for delayed monetary gains in abstinent inpatient alcoholics. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 28, 131-136.
  • Weidberg, S., Landes, R. D., García-Rodríguez, O., Yoon, J. H., & Secades-Villa, R. (2015). Interaction Effect of Contingency Management and Sex on Delay-Discounting Changes Among Treatment-Seeking Smokers. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23, 361-368.
  • Yi, R., Johnson, M. W., Giordano, L. A., Landes, R. D., Badger, G. J., & Bickel, W. K. (2008). The effects of reduced cigarette smoking on discounting future rewards: An initial evaluation. The Psychological Record, 58, 163-174.
  • Yi, R., & Landes, R. D. (2012). Temporal and Probability Discounting by Cigarette Smokers Following Acute Smoking Abstinence. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 14, 547-558.
  • Yoon, J. H., Higgins, S. T., Heil, S., Sugarbaker, R. J., Thomas, C. S., & Badger, G. J. (2007). Delay discounting predicts postpartum relapse to cigarette smoking among pregnant women. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15, 176-186.