Compatibilizando pensiones por discapacidad y empleo en España

  1. Miguel Ángel MALO 1
  2. Begoña CUETO 2
  3. Vanesa RODRÍGUEZ 2
  1. 1 Universidad de Salamanca
    info

    Universidad de Salamanca

    Salamanca, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02f40zc51

  2. 2 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Revista:
Papeles de economía española

ISSN: 0210-9107

Año de publicación: 2019

Número: 161

Páginas: 55-70

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Papeles de economía española

Resumen

In this article, we analyze the compatibilization of disability pensions with employment in Spain. We begin with a review of the academic literature, which focuses on the employment disincentives related with the size of disability benefits. However, international organizations highlight the need of making more compatible disability pensions and employment in cases of partial disability -i.e. when the worker retain a substantial working capacity for different jobs after the disability onset. The Spanish case is interesting because there is a specific disability pension designed for those cases, the so-called ‘incapacidad permanente total’ (total permanent disability). Thanks to micro-data from the ‘Muestra Continua de Vidas Laborales’, we find that compatibilization is more usual one year after the disability pension access. Younger beneficiaries of pensions -and, therefore, with a much shorter trajectory of contributions to social security – make compatible pension and employment much more frequently; in fact, compatibilization heavily decreases for pensioners over 50 years old. We discuss some political interventions to facilitate compatibilization of disability pensions and employment in Spain, remarking the importance of the design of pensions and not only their size. In any case, changes should focus on the first months after the access to the disability pension.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Acemoglu, D. y Angrist, J. (2001). Consequence of Employment Protection? The Case of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Journal of Political Economy, 19(5), pp. 915-950.
  • Autor, D., Kostøl, A., Mogstad, M. y Setzler, B. (2019). Disability Benefits, Consumption Insurance, and Household Labor Supply. American Economic Review, 109(7), pp. 2613- 2654.
  • Bound, J., Schoenmbaum, M., Stinebrickner. T. R. y Waidman, T. (1999). The dynamics effects of health on the labor force transitions of older workers. Labour Economics, 6, pp. 179-202.
  • Burkhauser, R. y Daly, M. (2002). United States Disability Policy in a Changing Environment. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(1), pp. 213-224.
  • Cervini-Pla, M. y Vall-Castelló, J. (2018). The earnings and employment losses before entering the disability system. European Journal of Health Economics, 19(8), pp. 1111-1128.
  • Cueto, B. y Malo, M. A. (2016). Do Partial Disability Pensions Close the Earnings Gap? Hacienda Pública Española, 216(1), pp.103-126.
  • DeLeire, T. (2000). The Wage and Employment Effects of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Journal of Human Resources, 35(4), pp. 693-715.
  • Frutos, E. y Vall-Castelló, J. (2015). Equal Health, Equal Work? The Role of Disability Benefits After Controlling for Health Status. European Journal of Health Economics, 16(3), pp. 329-340.
  • Jiménez-Martín, S., Juanmarti-Mestres, A. y Vall-Castelló, J. (2019). Great Recession and disability insurance in Spain. Empirical Economics, 56, pp. 1623-1645.
  • Kostol, A., y Mogstad, M. (2014). How Financial Incentives Induce Disability Insurance Recipients to Return to Work. American Economic Review, 104(2), pp. 624-655.
  • Kreider, B. y Riphahn, R.T. (2000). Explaining Applications to the U.S. Disability program. A semiparametric approach. Journal of Human Resources, 34(4), pp. 734-769.
  • Malo, M. A. (2004).¿Cómo afectan las discapacidades a la probabilidad de ser activo en España? Un análisis empírico con datos de la Encuesta sobre discapacidades, deficiencias y estado de salud de 1999. Cuadernos de Economía, 27, pp. 75-108.
  • Malo, M. A. (2018). Finding proactive features in labour market policies: A reflection based on the evidence. Research Paper #8, ILO Future of Work Research Paper Series. Ginebra (Suiza): OIT.
  • Malo, M. A., Cueto, B., y Rodríguez V. (2011). Compatibilidad entre pensiones contributivas por incapacidad y empleo: el caso español. Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, 29(1), pp. 125-153.
  • Malo, M. A. y Pagán, R. (2012). Wage differentials and disability across Europe: Discrimination and/or lower productivity? International Labour Review, 151(1-2), pp. 43-60.
  • Malo, M. A. y Pagán, R. (2019). Soledad, discapacidad y mercado de trabajo. Estudios de la Fundación, serie economía y sociedad. Madrid: Funcas.
  • Marie, O. y Vall-Castelló, J. (2012). The Employment Effect of Increasing Disability Benefits: A Regression Discontinuity Approach. Journal of Public Economics, 96(1-2), pp. 198-210.
  • Meyer, M. y Mok, W. (2019). Disability, Earnings, Income and Consumption. Journal of Public Economics, 171, pp. 51-69.
  • OCDE (2007) New ways of addressing partial work capacity., París: OCDE. Disponible en: http://www.oecd.org/ dataoecd/6/6/38509814.pdf (último acceso: 04/07/2019).
  • OCDE (2010). Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers. A synthesis of findings across OECD countries. París: OCDE.
  • OIT-OCDE (2018). «Labour market inclusion of people with disabilities», documento presentado en la primera reunión del grupo de trabajo sobre empleo del G20, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Disponible en: http://www.g20.utoronto.ca/2018/ g20_paper_persons_with_disabilities_ ilo_oecd.pdf (último acceso: 4 de julio de 2019).
  • Parsons, D. (1980). The Decline in Male Labor Force Participation. Journal of Political Economy, 88 (1), pp.117-134.
  • Parsons, D. (1982). The Male Labor Force Participation Decision: Health, Reported Health, and Economic Incentives. Economica, 49, pp. 81-91.
  • Silva, J. I. y Vall-Castelló, J. (2017). Partial Disability System and Labour Market Adjustment: The case of Spain. Labour Economics, 48, pp. 23-34.
  • Vall-Castelló, J. (2017). What happens with the employment of disabled individuals when all financial disincentives to work are abolished? Health Economics, 26(2), pp.158-174.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet